Job vacancy in tibetan community 2019
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- yoga creation Large Tibetan Buddhist Meditation Bell and Dorje S
- The Tibet Fund
- Tibetan Immigration to Canada
- FEMS Microbiology Ecology Webinar on Aquatic Microbial Ecology
- ANNOUNCEMENTS
- Volunteer and Job Opportunities in FPMT
- Volunteer in Tibet: How and Where I can Volunteer in Tibet?
- New microbes discovered in a baby marmoset, Tibetan Plateau pika and northern bald ibis
yoga creation Large Tibetan Buddhist Meditation Bell and Dorje S
The white paper, titled "Tibet Since Liberation, Development and Prosperity," reviewed Tibet's history and achievements, and presented a true and panoramic picture of the new socialist Tibet. Download the Full Text. Tibet Since Liberation, Development. The State Council Information Office of.
May Tibet Before the Peaceful Liberation. Historic Changes in Society. Rapid Development of Various Undertakings.
A Complete Victory over Poverty. Protection and Development of Traditional Culture. Remarkable Results in Ethnic and Religious Work. Solid Environmental Safety Barriers. Embarking on a New Journey in the New Era. The people of Tibet broke free from the fetters of invading imperialism for good, embarking on a bright road of unity, progress and development with all the other ethnic groups in China.
Following the peaceful liberation, all the ethnic peoples of Tibet, united under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China CPC , have worked together in implementing the Article Agreement, and stood firm in safeguarding national sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity. Together, they have:. In the new era, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at the core and with the vigorous support of the whole country, Tibet has eradicated extreme poverty.
Enjoying a stable social environment, economic and cultural prosperity, and a sound eco-environment, the people now lead better lives and live in contentment.
A brand new socialist Tibet has taken shape. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of Tibet's peaceful liberation, we are publishing this white paper to review Tibet's history and achievements, and present a true and panoramic picture of the new socialist Tibet. This will help to counter the propaganda spread by a number of Western countries and their allies and provide the international community with a balanced account of the enormous transformation that has taken place in Tibet.
Tibet has been an integral part of Chinese territory since ancient times, and one of the main Tibetan-inhabited areas in China.
China is a unified multiethnic country with a long history. The Chinese nation is a community of shared future. Tibet has developed through the combined efforts of all the ethnic groups in China, and these are the peoples who have created its history. The political, economic and cultural exchanges between Tibetans and other ethnic groups throughout history have had an important bearing on the development of the Tibetan people as an ethnic group.
Abundant archeological and academic research shows that in times of remote antiquity, the ancestral people inhabiting the Tibetan Plateau had close ties with the Han and other ethnic groups in terms of blood, language, and culture. The Tubo Kingdom established in Tibet in the 7th century contributed significantly to the exploration of China's southwestern borders.
In the Yuan Dynasty , the central government exercised jurisdiction and governance over Tibet. It established the Supreme Control Commission of Buddhism later renamed the Commission for Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs to directly manage local affairs in the region, conducting censuses, setting up courier stations, collecting taxes, stationing troops and appointing officials.
It also issued and enacted the Yuan criminal law and calendar in Tibet. During the Qing Dynasty , the central government exercised sound governance over Tibet. It granted honorific titles to the leaders of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism — the 5th Dalai Lama and the 5th Panchen Lama — officially establishing the titles of the Dalai Lama and Panchen Erdeni and their political and religious status in Tibet.
From then on, it became an established convention that the central government conferred the titles of Dalai Lama and Panchen Erdeni. The Qing government began to station Grand Ministers Resident in Tibet to supervise and jointly manage local military and political affairs on behalf of the central authorities; in total it appointed more than such ministers.
In , after dispelling Gurkha invaders, the Qing government restored order in Tibet and promulgated the Imperially Approved Ordinance for Better Governance of Tibet the Article Ordinance , improving several of the systems by which the central government administered Tibet. Observing the ordinance, three of the five Dalai Lamas in the Qing Dynasty were selected and approved in accordance with this procedure, and the other two were exempted from the procedure with special approval from the central government.
In , the ROC issued its first constitution — the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China, which reaffirmed the central government's sovereignty over Tibet. In , the Commission for Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs opened an office in Lhasa as the permanent organ representing the central government in Tibet.
Under the ROC, Tibet was clearly identified as Chinese territory in world maps and maps of China issued by government and non-government publishers.
The central government of the ROC safeguarded the nation's sovereignty over Tibet in spite of frequent civil wars among warlords and a weak state, and following the tradition by conferring the official titles on the 14th Dalai Lama and the 10th Panchen Lama.
At the end of the 19th century, imperialist powers engaged in a fervent spree of carving up China, and the British aggressors took the opportunity to invade Tibet.
British troops invaded Tibet twice in and and met with stubborn resistance from the Tibetan army and civilians. This was the first time the concept had been made public. In July , the representative of the Chinese government refused to sign the Simla Convention, and made a statement saying that the government of China refused to recognize any such agreement or document.
The Chinese government also sent a note to the British government, reiterating its position. Thereupon, the conference collapsed. With opposition from the Chinese people and the national government, the local government of Tibet had no choice but to withdraw its decision.
In , Britain conspired behind the scenes to invite Tibetan representatives to attend the Asian Relations Conference, and even identified Tibet as an independent country on the map of Asia hung in the conference hall and in the array of national flags. The organizers were forced to rectify this after the Chinese delegation made a stern protest. Around the time of the founding of the People's Republic of China PRC in , imperialists accelerated their collusion with pro-imperialist separatists in Tibet.
Driving imperialist forces out of Tibet was the precondition for the Chinese people to safeguard national unification. The Tibetan people are an inseparable part of the Chinese nation, and any attempt to divide them from China will be doomed. All sectors of society of Tibet quickly responded and expressed support for the editorial and the hope that the PLA would enter Tibet as soon as possible. In early , over Tibetan people, including farmers and herdsmen, young people, women and democratic representatives, assembled in Lanzhou in Gansu Province, which had been liberated not long before, and urged the PLA to liberate Tibet.
They are discontent with the policies of the reactionary Kuomintang government, and want to be part of the big family of a unified New China, where all ethnic groups are equal and work together for prosperity. With determined support from the Central People's Government, Tibet saw the hope of a peaceful liberation anticipated by the whole of China.
Peaceful Liberation. To address the complex and changing international landscape and the difficult situation in Tibet, and to satisfy the Tibetan people's wish for liberation as soon as possible, Mao Zedong wrote a letter to the CPC Central Committee while in Manzhouli on his way to the Soviet Union for a visit in December Considering the difficulties of transport and the ethnic and religious characteristics of Tibet, Mao Zedong proposed two basic principles — to prioritize a political settlement, and to avoid undue haste in liberating Tibet.
The Central People's Government organized and carried out a lot of work in political persuasion, sending delegates or delegations to Tibet for mediation on several occasions in order to achieve peaceful liberation, a strategy with proven success for Beiping Beijing , Suiyuan and Xinjiang.
In July, a delegation composed of members from Qinghai temples and monasteries, led by Taktser Rinpoche of Kumbum Monastery, set out from Xining. However, these mediation activities suffered obstruction from Western imperialists and pro-imperialist separatists in Tibet. In the meantime, in spite of local economic decline, the separatists from the upper classes of Tibet expanded the Tibetan army and dispatched troops in an attempt to halt the PLA's advance.
Under the unified deployment of the Central People's Government, the southwest and northwest bureaux of the CPC Central Committee issued a prompt order for troops to stand by.
The PLA troops followed the principles that military operations should only be carried out when political persuasion failed and the troops had sufficient supplies to fight a battle. Guided by the central authorities' strategy of outflanking the enemy from various directions, the PLA, with the 18th army as the major force, advanced into Tibet from four directions and won the Battle of Qamdo in October, After the victory, the First People's Congress of Qamdo was held.
The Qamdo People's Liberation Committee was elected and a working committee for the peaceful liberation of Tibet was founded, composed of both ecclesiastical and secular representatives. The battle created the conditions for the peaceful liberation of Tibet. Even during the battle, Mao Zedong urged that a local Tibetan delegation should come to Beijing as soon as possible.
The victory at Qamdo gave the upper hand to the patriotic and progressive forces within the local government of Tibet, and the political situation moved in the direction of peaceful liberation. The 14th Dalai Lama expressed his wish for peace talks in a letter to the Central People's Government. On April 29, the Central People's Government and the local government of Tibet began official negotiations for the peaceful liberation. After serious consultations and thorough discussions, they signed the Article Agreement in Beijing on May The agreement also clarified that the central authorities would not alter the established status, functions and powers of the Dalai Lama and Panchen Erdeni, and that former officials of all ranks in the local government of Tibet could continue to hold office.
The signing of the Article Agreement symbolized the final liberation of all the Chinese mainland, embodied the full sovereignty of the People's Republic in Tibet, united all forces to safeguard overall social stability, ensured the enforcement of the CPC's ethnic, religious, economic and cultural policies, and laid a solid political foundation for social development and reform in Tibet.
The Article Agreement gained the support of all ethnic groups and people from all walks of life across the country. The article made the point that this was the first step for the Tibetan people out of a dark and miserable past and toward a bright and happy future. Assemblies and processions were held in Beijing, Xi'an, Chongqing, Chengdu, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia to celebrate the signing of the agreement.
On the basis of friendship, the delegates of the two sides signed on May 23, the Agreement on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet. The local government of Tibet as well as the ecclesiastical and secular people unanimously support this agreement, and, under the leadership of Chairman Mao and the Central People's Government, will actively assist the PLA troops entering Tibet to consolidate national defense, ousting imperialist influences from Tibet and safeguarding the unification of the territory and the sovereignty of the motherland.
For the first time in history Tibet's 4,km border was fully and properly defended. On September 6, , the foreign affairs office of the Central People's Government representative stationed in Tibet was set up, taking responsibility for all the foreign-related affairs of Tibet under the leadership of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Central People's Government.
Henceforth, all the foreign-related affairs of Tibet would be dealt with by the Central People's Government on a centralized basis. The Central People's Government issued a series of specific instructions and policies. Troops would be stationed in Tibet but would not depend on the local people for their grain supplies. They would operate according to a strict budget and produce what they needed. Food supplies would be guaranteed for the army itself while taking into consideration civilian needs.
There would be unified procurement and economy would be practiced. They also used the revenues from export of wool to support the PLA and the local people. In , the Dalai and Panchen lamas were elected as honorary presidents of the Buddhist Association of China, with Living Buddha Kundeling as vice president.
From to , a total of over 1, people in 13 groups, including ecclesiastical and secular officials, monks, and ordinary people including women and youngsters, made organized trips to other parts of the country, which strengthened connections between Tibet and the rest of the country and promoted national unity.
After the signing of the Article Agreement, rapid progress was made in all social undertakings of Tibet under the leadership of the Central People's Government. A modern education system was gradually put in place.
In August , Lhasa Primary School was founded. Soon afterwards, 28 public primary schools were set up in locations such as Xigaze and Shannan. In September , Lhasa Middle School was established — the first modern and standard middle school in the history of Tibet.
The Tibet Fund
JavaScript is needed to use this website in its full extent. Please activate JavaScript in your browser. Unique burial landscapes give OeAW researchers insights into a long-lost culture in the south of today's China. It is one of the densest areas of burial mounds in the world: when the Tibetan Empire was at the height of its power from the 7 th to the 9 th centuries, it was a strong, warlike empire. Hundreds of burial sites, some of them with monumental burial mounds, were built during that time on the expanses of the Tibetan Plateau.
Tibetan Immigration to Canada
This month, a group of scientists discovered a new species from the genus Inhella. The scientists isolated the species from a freshwater pond at a crocodile farm in Chaozhou Township, Taiwan. The species was named Inhella crocodyli. Mammals were the source of several new microbes this month. A project was started in aiming to study the microflora diversity of the Tibetan Plateau wildlife. During the project, Neisseria weixii was isolated from the Tibetan Plateau pika Ochotona curzoniae , small, mountain-dwelling mammals that are similar to rabbits. Also in Tibet, researchers isolated Fudania jinshanensis from the faeces of the Tibetan antelope Pantholops hodgsonii , a species that was hunted to near extinction for their fur. The last microbe found on a mammal this month came from a baby common marmoset Callithrix jacchus , a group of researchers isolated Bifidobacterium jacchi from the faeces of the marmoset. Bifidobacteria are very common inhabitants of the gastro-intestinal tract of mammals and birds and are thought to promote health benefits in their host, such as maintaining a gut microbiota balance, reducing infection and modulating the immune system. In addition to mammals, birds and fish were the source of new microbes this month.
FEMS Microbiology Ecology Webinar on Aquatic Microbial Ecology
The white paper, titled "Tibet Since Liberation, Development and Prosperity," reviewed Tibet's history and achievements, and presented a true and panoramic picture of the new socialist Tibet. Download the Full Text. Tibet Since Liberation, Development. The State Council Information Office of.
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Asian Heritage Month offers all Canadians an opportunity to learn more about the history of Asian Canadians and to celebrate their contributions to the growth and prosperity of Canada. In May of each year we celebrate the contributions that Asian Canadians have made to our country. Today, I would like to briefly highlight the immigration history of one particular Asian Canadian community: the Tibetans. In , a Canadian Protestant missionary, Dr. Susanna Rijnhart, became only the second western woman to enter Tibet. In , she met Petrus Rijnhart who was on a lecturing tour across Canada, soliciting funds in order to return to Tibet and continue his missionary work.
Volunteer and Job Opportunities in FPMT
Today, representatives from the U. First Secretary Matthew Asada, U. The TSP was established in through legislation to educate future Tibetan leaders. Since then, approximately Tibetans have attended U. Embassies New Delhi and Kathmandu. Students from Tibetan refugee communities in India and Nepal are eligible to apply for these two-year graduate fellowships in more than a dozen fields, including business, computer science, cybersecurity, education, international law, international relations, journalism, psychology, public health, and science. Each year approximately six students are selected contingent upon funding. Upon their return, the fellows must serve the Tibetan community for a minimum period of two years, and may join the Tibetan Scholarship Program Alumni Association.
Volunteer in Tibet: How and Where I can Volunteer in Tibet?
Corresponding author: Martin Potgieter martin. It is important for protected area managers and administrators to understand how local communities view these areas and their management, so that they can build sustainable working rel ationships. This paper is based on a survey of semi-structured questionnaires administered to household heads, living at distances ranging from the edge of the reserves to 50 km away from the reserve boundary across the Great Fish River, Mkambati, Hluleka, and Tsolwana nature reserves in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.
New microbes discovered in a baby marmoset, Tibetan Plateau pika and northern bald ibis
Mission: The Tibet Fund's mission is to preserve the distinct cultural identity of the Tibetan people. More The Tibet Fund's mission is to preserve the distinct cultural identity of the Tibetan people. Since , under the patronage of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, The Tibet Fund has been the primary funding organization for health care, education, refugee rehabilitation, religious and cultural preservation, elder care, and community and economic development programs serving hundreds of thousands of Tibetan refugees living in India, Nepal and Bhutan. Our aim is to promote self-reliance and help sustain the cohesiveness of the exile community. In Tibet, our support is directed to education, emergency relief, healthcare, and social enterprise programs that aid impoverished and marginalized Tibetans.
Photo: File. Tibetan activists protest against the Beijing Winter Olympics in Dharamshala on January 4, Photo: TPI. Photo: Tenzin Jamphel. Photo: Tempa. Tsai Yung-ching's work "Five Minutes", taken in Zone art Photo: Li Kuei-pi.
Elderly people from Guiwu village, now relocated to Shangri-La county, pray together in the resettlement community. The apartment buildings where the relocated Guiwu villagers live in Shangri-La county. Relocation of southwestern Tibetan township gives villagers new opportunities on life. In , Lobsang moved to Shangri-La county, which is kilometers away from Guiwu, together with other villagers under a relocation plan.
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